Trim the Brussels sprouts, remove any damaged leaves, and slice each sprout in half.
Toss the halved sprouts in a bowl with olive oil, salt, pepper, and smoked paprika until coated evenly.
Heat a large cast-iron skillet over medium-high heat and place the Brussels sprouts cut-side down in a single layer. Let them sear undisturbed for 3–4 minutes until golden brown.
Push the Brussels sprouts to one side of the skillet to make space for the ground beef.
Add the ground beef to the empty side of the skillet and break it apart with a wooden spoon. Cook until the beef is browned and no longer pink.
Add the diced onion and minced garlic to the skillet and stir to combine, cooking until the onion softens and becomes fragrant.
Sprinkle garlic powder, onion powder, smoked paprika, black pepper, and chili flakes (optional) over the mixture. Stir well to coat the beef and sprouts in the seasoning.
Add the soy sauce and Dijon mustard to the skillet, stirring until everything is fully combined and coated in the savory glaze.
Continue cooking for another 3 minutes to allow the flavors to blend and the Brussels sprouts to finish cooking.
Taste and adjust seasoning as needed, adding extra salt, pepper, paprika, or lemon juice if desired.
Serve warm as a one-pan meal or pair with rice, quinoa, eggs, or your favorite sides.
Store leftovers in an airtight container in the fridge for up to 4 days or freeze for up to 3 months.